In other words, in spite of all the wealthy resources including human and material in its possession, africa is the worlds poorest continent. The chinese who are coming to do business in africa get rich in 510 years. Oct 11, 2012 the book, how africans underdeveloped africa by joshua agbo focused on the role that africans have played in the underdevelopment of africa. This has necessitated the evocation of dependency theory in explaining africas cum nigerias underdevelopment situation, hence africas underdevelopment has been linked to two categories of factors. Pdf africa is rich in natural as well as human resources which are the. Why africa remains underdeveloped despite its potential. Feb 25, 2014 since rodney was not opportune to witness the africa of today, we must take it as a duty, to bring out the role of africans in the massive underdevelopment of contemporary africa. Africa is home to a very large percentage of the poorest people in the world. Root causes of african underdevelopment article pdf available in journal of african economies 185 february 2008 with 77,881 reads how we measure reads. The causes of underdevelopment in developing countries include. Root causes of african underdevelopment sambit bhattacharyya. Africa is highly divers in culture, tradition, religion and ways of life.
Every continent independently participated in the early epochs of the extension of mans control over his environment which means in effect that every continent can point to a period of economic development. The only industrialized nation we have in africa is south africa. Despite diversity is known as unity, africas diversity has been a source of conflict for civil war. For africa to break the impasse of underdevelopment, the paper calls for good governance and the establishment of special agencies to monitor all.
Pdf the causes of underdevelopment in the third world. Pdf root causes of african underdevelopment researchgate. Imperialism and neocolonialism from former or superior nations whom directly or indirectly might be in the helms of affairs of these. Different schools of thought have developed in order to find out the causes of africas underdevelopment. Religion africa is highly divers in culture, tradition, religion and ways of life. This widespread poverty serves as a chief cause of underdevelopment in africa. One of his main arguments throughout the book is that africa developed europe at the same rate as europe underdeveloped africa. Pdf the causes of underdevelopment in the third world and.
It was the expedition of columbus in 1492 that stimulated the global search for colonies and markets. What caused africas underdevelopment is a complex issue. This paper explores the factors responsible for the underdevelopment of most african states with an attempt to provide some possible recommendations to overcoming the socioeconomic and political problems faced by the continent in a growing inter connected globalised world. Pdf what are the root causes of africas current state of underdevelopment. Pdf why africa remains underdeveloped despite its potential. The causes of underdevelopment in the third world and possibility for human development article pdf available march 2016 with 34,331 reads how we measure reads. There is a strong link between dependency and underdevelopment in africa. Africans are the major cause of their underdevelopment. The crisis of underdevelopment in subsaharan africa longdom. It has brought about so many consequences, but of all, the economy is the most affected sector.
Causes of underdevelopment in developing countries answers. Is it the long history of slave trade, the legacy of extractive colonial insti tutions, or the. Accountability and transparent leadership are capable of a gendering development in nigeria. Underdevelopment of africa underdevelopment in africa is a problem that has been plaguing the countries all over the continent for a very long time.
For africa to break the impasse of underdevelopment, the paper calls for good. What are the root causes of africas current state of underdevelopment. Europes past and present exploitation of africa played a significant part. Implicit development here means liberation, end of structural dependence, and independence. Physical underdevelopment in children is caused by famine or lack of vital nutrients. A critical analysis on the reasons of underdevelopment in. Underdevelopment in africa journal of social, political and.
It is doubtful that underdevelopment and poverty in africa is caused by a shortage of financial, human, material or. Underdevelopment definition of underdevelopment by the free. The colonial underdevelopment of africa by europe and the. Used primarily to distinguish states along benchmarks concerning human developmentsuch as macroeconomic growth, health, education, and. Dependence theories concentrate on explanations of the genesis of underdevelopment and pay little attention to strategies for overcoming this situation. Majorly depending on external assistance will lead africa nowhere. It has brought about so many consequences, but of all, the economy is the most affected sector because the economic sector controls all other aspect of. Recent happenings in nigeria especially the post election violence in april, 2011 confirms the main thesis of this book that africans are responsible for the underdevelopment of africa. A critical analysis on the reasons of underdevelopment in africa. England, holland, france, belgium, germany, and italy and their african collaborators terrorized. Imperialism and economic underdevelopment in sudan. The paper pinpoints that corruption is the core reason behind african underdevelopment and it laid emphasis on corruption and underdevelopment interface in nigeria. Pdf underdevelopment in sub saharan africa robbins o w. How europe underdeveloped africa is a 1972 book written by walter rodney that takes the view that africa was deliberately exploited and underdeveloped by european colonial regimes.
A critical analysis in addition to the large expanse of arable land sudan has a large deposit of important minerals and natural resources such as iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, and tungsten, uranium, silver and gold. Critical thinking and studies, such as subaltern studies, assist to confront and expose the false claims of universalism that attempts to hide colonial history and imperialist practices. Underdevelopment is not backwardness but intentional downward development. For instance, the modernist school believes that africa needs to follow the development strategies of the industrialized nations before it can be developed, while the dependency theorists argued that the exploitation of africa by the super powers was responsible for africas. Furthermore, special agencies should be established to monitor, evaluate and process the execution of developmental projects, this will go a long way in addressing the deficit in social amenities for. One of the more striking recent trends in the study of african history has been the mushrooming of studies focusing on the underdevelopment of africa or some part of it following the publication of walter rodneys how europe underdeveloped africa in 1972. Development and underdevelopment in the third world. Despite diversity is known as unity, africa s diversity has been a source of conflict for civil war. Economic underdevelopment in africa violence in twentieth. A single factor theory of africas underdevelopment science. This is by no means an attempt to sweep under the carpet, the brutal, selfish, exploitative and inhumane roles played by the western imperialists in africas. The european colonial powers, namely spain, portugal. Economic underdevelopment in africa in contrast with the surging growth of the countries in the socialist camp, the majority of the capitalist countries, is the unquestionable fact that a large proportion of the socalled underdeveloped countries are in total stagnation. Hence, this paper makes a clarion call to the current african leaders to seriously look more inwards and less outwards for african development.
The structuralist approach looks at development in terms of the power relationship between different nations and between different people within. Africa, being the original home of man, was a major. Dependency and underdevelopment in africa edustore. In fact, this year, the british prime minister theresa may remarked that africa and in particular nigeria is home to some of the poorest people in the world. Americans, africa, australia and asia through engaging in terrorism, genocide, and gross human rights violations and at the same time claimed the superiority of their cultures, religion christianity, race, and civilization. Under development in subsaharan africa is caused by both internal and external factors. Is it the long history of slave trade, the legacy of extractive. This condition has diverted the attention of governments from development to security. For africa to break the impasse of underdevelopment, the leaders should incorporate good governance and tackle corruption in all ramifications.
It has brought about so many consequences, but of all, the economy is the most affected sector because the. The internal factors, nnadozie said, fan the ember of. Pdf underdevelopment in sub saharan africa robbins o w e. Financial undevelopment is caused by lack of investment in africa. Europe as a parallel process with african underdevelopment. Underdevelopment in subsaharan africa is caused by both internal and external factors. Africa with all of its intellectual and material wealth then became threatened and attacked by the most massively cruel system of exploitation the world had yet to witness, i. The triple causes of african underdevelopment academic journals. Africa has the richest natural resources and yet it is poor and stagnant in growth and development. Underdevelopment, relating to international development, reflects a broad condition or phenomena defined and critiqued by theorists in fields such as economics, development studies, and postcolonial studies. Foreign aid appears to be responsible for the underdevelopment of africa. The underdevelopment of africa by europe revealing histories. These were severely disrupted by europeans to create wealth for themselves. Pdf root causes of african underdevelopment barbara.